Clipper or machine for cutting hair, wool, and the like.



C. L. BURDICK. l CIIPPEH oII MACHINE Toa CUTTING HAIR, wooL, yAIIIII THE LIKE. 1,262,026.

y APPLICATION FILED NOV. 7, 1912.

Patented oct. 24,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 FIG 6.

///AII VIII/l C. L. BURDICK.

cLIPPI-:II 0R MACHINE FoR CUTTING HAIH, wooL, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 7. 1912. I

Patented Oct. 24,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FlG.9.

FIG.8.

M'mss-es fn Venor- UNITED STATES PATENT ,(nrErcE.l

CHARLES LAURENCE BURDICK, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

CLIPPER OR MACHINE FOR CUTTING HAIR, WOOL, AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1916.

lApplication 'med November 7, 1912. serial No. 730,002.

, or Machines for Cutting Hair, Wool, and

,the like, of which the `following is a speciication. l

This invention relates to clippers or machines for cutting hair, wool and the like, and the object of the invention'is to provide a simple and eflicient machine which can be readily adjusted, and which may be operated either by hand or by power. Furthermore, in other forms of clippers it was heretofore proposed to impart varying movement of the cutter blade and the means employed ineluded an eccentricdrive, but the movement of the cutter blade was controlled from avarying ulcrum, consequently, owing to the variable relative positions between the eccentric drive and the ulcrum, an inconstant movement, which may be termed a combined oscillating and rotary movement, was obtained. With a movement of this kind the cutting teeth, according to their distance from the center of the blade, were given greater or less movement andsome of the moving teeth, particularly the end ones, would assume angular positions relatively to the fixed teeth, in which positions these teeth would not cut with the required efiiciency. Now according to the present invention the moving cutting teeth at all times move constantly in a deinite circular path and all the teeth perform exactly the same movement and remain in all positions in perfect alinement with the teeth of the'xed blade, consequently greater eiciency is ob- 'y tained.

Heretofore clippers of known types com- A .is given a partial or complete rotary movement from a fixedcenter. With clipping machines so constructed and arranged the movable blade together with its teeth reciprocates or travels in a true circle about a fixed center.

My improved clipper differs essentially from known constructions inasmuch that the movable blade or plate forming a partthereof is given a cam like movement whereby each cutting tooth of the movable blade is given a rotary movement about its individual center, and still the teeth remain constantly parallel to their original position.

' In carrying out the invention, I provide the usual fixed comb or cutter and give the teeth of the movable blade 0r plate a rotary movement by advancing the teeth of the movable blade, while nearly above or in alinement with a corresponding tooth of the fixed plate or blade and meetingthe edge of the tooth next thereto while approaching or near the extreme limit of its movement. By this means I produce an approximately circular slicing movement of the moving tooth as it meets the cutting edge of the stationary tooth thereby effecting a more perfect cutting action. j

By my invention I securepa continuous movement of the parts thus obviating lost;

motion and excessive vibration of the oscillating parts, thereby insuring a-4 better entrance of the comb into thick hair or wool. Furthermore, the points of the teeth in lnaown" `fbrms of clippers have the tendency to strike the hair or lwool and push it away from the comb, but in accordance with myinvention, the position of the teeth is such during the interval in'which the upper teethr are returning for the stroke, that the` comb is 4permitted to freely enter the wool and so facilitate the cutting. My'improved clipper possesses other" advantageous features in that the position of the teeth of either cutting blade may be adjusted so as to obtain the bestcutting effect for various requirementsand for special purposes the number of teeth of either blade may be increased .as required. v

The rotary movement ofeach individual tooth is obtained by imparting a rotary parallel movement to the upper blade near its center by means of a shaft having an eccentric,

and guides are positioned so as to engage perforations" in the plate, thereby limiting the movement of the plate to the movement` of the eccentric on the driving shaft The guides may be placed forward or back of the driving center or on either side or `both sides thereof and may be provided with anti-friction devices if needed, or if desired the guides may be dispensed with by using two or more eccentrics working in unison. Further, according to my invention, spring controlled mechanism, capable of being readily adjusted is provided to secure tension bel tween the cutting blades.

Clipping machines of the class to which my invention belongs usually require'adapting to the character of the work to be done, therefore I have shown modifications of the general principle of my invention suited to hand and power machines and adapted to variousclasses of work and these details together with the main elements of my invention are illustratedin the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 represents in section oneform of the improved clipper or machine, the section being Vtaken vertically along the longitudinal center line of the machine; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the clipper with the handle taken away; Fig.l 3 is a detail view showing the body portion of the clipper; Fig. 4 shows in section a modified form of clipper suitable for operation by hand; Fig. 5 is a plan view ofthe hand clipper; Fig. 6 represents in section another form of the improved machine; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the last mentioned construction; Fig.,8 is a fragmentary detail. view showing portions of the xed and movable blades, and Fig. 9 represents diagrammaticallv the movement of the cutting teeth.

Like numbers refer to similar parts in the various forms of construction, which parts are capable of being alternatively employed in any of the embodiments of the invention illustrated, according to. requirements and to obtain the best results.

Referring generally to the Y drawings, 1 represents a body portion carrying the handle and the operative parts of the clipper, 2 is thelower cutting blade or comb which is removably secured to the body portion, 3 is the upper cutting blade to which rotary or cam Ymovement ispimpa'rted by means of one or more cams or'eccentrics, 4 in Figs.L 1 and 2, and 4 4 inF1g.'5. Guide pins 5-5-5 1 and 5 secure alinement ofthe cutting teeth and 6-6-6 and 6' areholes or recesses in the upper cutting blade which receive the guide pins.

Spring 7 and adjusting nut are employed for securing and malntaming the proper tension between the cutting blades and rollers or balls 9 carried 1in aI semi-inclosedcasing 10' (see Figs. 4 and 5) serve to reduce friction'in the tension device.

In the form of machine shown in Figs.A 1,

2 and 3, the guidesv are attached to and project, downward vfrom the body portion and are posltloned to enter holes or recesses in the upper blade, the holes being large en'oughto shown in the diagram Fig. 9 in which.

15-15-15, represent teeth in the lower or fixed blade and 16 represents a single tooth in Vthe upper or movable blade, the circle representing the movement which may be in either direction by reversing the drive, and for the purpose of demonstration only, the arrow represents the direction of the movement. The tooth 16r will iirst move to the position of tooth 16 and then to 16 and in 'turn to 16, and as thus illustrated, the movement is continuous and approximately circular, and the movable blade being kept in alinement, each tooth thereon will follow the same movement. In the diagram, the teeth of the vmovable blade will be nearly above the corresponding teeth of the stationary blade at the extreme point of the outward movement, but the movable blade may be positioned` so as to lie on either side to secure greater cutting eliiciency for different kinds of work. It will be seen that the advancing and receding movement must give a slicingv movement to the cut at every point except at the very limited dead center ofthe outward stroke, while for a certain. portion of the stroke, the upper blade is withdrawn to permit free entrance of the material to be cut.

The modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5 driven by multiplying gearing to obtain a higher speed of travel for the movable blade. A large gear wheel 17 is mounted on a stud 18 and meshes with two small gear Wheels 19-19 which are attached to the shafts carrying the eccentric 4 4. Mounted on the stud 18 above the driving gear wheel is a small ratchet wheel 2() secured to a gear wheel 21. spring actuated pawl 22 is fixed to the gear wheel 17 and serves to communicate the motion from `the` wheel 21 to the wheel 17 when movedin one direction and allows of the return of the wheel 21 when the action is reversed. A toothed segment 23 is attached to one of the operating handles of the machine and rotates the small gear when the handles are opened and closed. The handle 24 is secured to the body portion of the machine and the handle 25 is pivoted at the forward end of the machine `and its outward movement is effected by a 'is suitable for operation by hand and is proved clipper particularly useful for sheep shearing. In this embodiment, for conven ience of construction, the cam driving means are placed in the outer extremity of the handle and movement of the upper blade is effected by means of a lever 27. I arrange 'a fulcrum by iixing at the center of the shaft one or more studs 28-28 preferably provided with rollers guided by a slot or slots 29--29 located in the handle portion. In this form of construction the tension mechanism may be mounted above and bear upon the lever and friction may be reduced by providing a. cone bearing in the stud 30 which fits into suitable opening in the blade 3, and as shown two guides are employed.

Fig. 8 shows another form of guide which may be provided with a shaft 31 fitted in a hole in the upper blade and the eccentric 32 `fitting a hole in the lower blade, the eccentricity corresponding with the movement of the driving cam.

What I claim is 1. In a clipper or machine of the class described, a handle or body portion having a fixed toothed blade, a movable cutter blade having movement about an approximately central pivotal connection provided between said movable cutter blade and a coperating driving member, the pivot of said driving member having a projection which revolves, said driving member having an axis of revolution and guides consisting of projections on the body portion and stationary relatively thereto engaged in curved surfaces in the movable cutter blade, substantially as and for'the purpose set forth.

2. In a clipper or machine of the class described, a handle or body portion having a fixed toothed blade, a movable cutter, mechanism comprising. a shaft with an eccentric arranged to transmit movement to the movable cutter and guides stationary relatively to the body portion on which they are carried engaged in curved surfaces in the movable cutter whereby the latter is caused to travel in a curved cycle but always parallel to itselff- 3. In a clipper or machine of the class described, a handle or body portion having a fixed toothed blade, a movable cutter blade, mechanism for eecting the movement of said movable cutter blade and means for guiding the movement thereof consisting of a pair of studs or posts fixed` to the body portion and which studs or posts are each engaged in a. hole or opening provided in the movable cutter.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speciiication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES LAURENCE EUEEIcK.

Witnesses:

LEONARD S. Pooocx, ARNOLD J. TANNER. 

